And the dawns here are the quiet main characters of the girl. “And the dawns here are quiet” how the girls die. Genre and direction

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War is death, fear, hatred. A woman is life, mercy, love. Woman and War - sometimes reality puts these incompatible and contradictory concepts side by side, forcing the Woman to resist the War and win this confrontation. The exploits of Soviet women on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War are a clear example of this.

One of the works of Soviet literature, the story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” by B. Vasilyev shows how terrible the war is and how very young girls who have not yet entered adulthood, at the cost of their own lives, protect what they value, on a par with male soldiers.

Zhenya Komelkova, Rita Osyanina, Liza Brichkina, Galya Chetvertak, Sonya Gurvich - five female anti-aircraft gunners led by foreman Vaskov act to intercept a fascist sabotage group and leave for immortality. Boris Vasiliev managed to create a truthful and highly emotional work that reflects the ruthlessness of war . The heroines of Vasiliev are young, full of courage, determination and hope. Leaving on a mission, the girls do not know what fate is preparing for them, but they are ready to stop the enemy and, in the end, they do it, but the price of victory is prohibitive.

The foreman and five girls against sixteen well-trained saboteurs ... Vaskov tries, as far as possible, to protect the girls, but they die one after another. Lisa Brichkina is the first to die, who did not have time to reach her friends to call for help, she really wanted to support the girls, so she was in a hurry, did not save herself in the swamp, drowned in the quagmire, recoiling from the path in fear. Sonya Gurvich, a smart and talented girl who recited Blok's poems in a sing-song voice, did not even have time to realize that she had run into a German knife. Galya Chetvertak, the youngest, was childishly happy that she was taken on a responsible task. And then she could not stand the emotional stress, she could not cope with her own fear. Rita Osyanina and Zhenya Komelkova violate the order of the foreman and do not leave their positions, getting involved in a battle with the Nazis. They "have their own account for the war." They came to avenge their relatives, for a broken and crippled life. It is possible to fight with such an attitude, but it is impossible to survive and live on.

“Five girls, there were five girls in total, only five! ..”, as Baskov shouted in despair, “they stopped an outnumbering detachment of well-armed and trained fascists. According to the author, the story is based on a real episode during the war, the only difference is that the places of the Soviet fighters were taken by young girls. The historical fact that became the basis of the plot is, albeit heroic, but just an episode of a great war. In the interpretation of B. Vasiliev, he caused a great resonance in the reader's environment and his story became one of the most popular books of the 1960-1970s about the Great Patriotic War.

The film “The Dawns Here Are Quiet…”: how do girls die? five girls went on a mission and everyone died.

The story of Boris Vasiliev and the film “The Dawns Here Are Quiet…” based on it leave an indelible impression. The viewer feels almost like a participant in the events, empathizing with the heroines and living with them until their last moment.

"Five girls, five in total"

There are five of them. Young, hastily trained and inexperienced. Only Rita Osyanina and Zhenya Komelkova could see the enemy in the face - they will last the longest.

Liza Brichkina , a girl who had practically no childhood, fell in love with a foreman.

Fedot Vaskov also singled her out among the rest.

But Lisa was not destined to find out the happy girl's fate - she left for help, and, not having time to reach her friends, drowned in the quagmire.

Sonya Gurvich - "Sparrow slut," as the foreman called the girl he did not understand. Clever and dreamy, she loved poetry and recited Blok by heart. Sonya dies from a Nazi knife when she runs after Vaskov's pouch.

Galya Chetvertak - the youngest and most direct. She is overwhelmed with childish joy from the fact that she was entrusted with a responsible task. However, she failed to cope with her own fear, gave herself away and was shot point-blank by a fascist line. The orphanage Galya died with a cry of "Mom".

Zhenya Komelkova - the brightest character. Lively, artistic and emotional, always attracts attention. She even got into the women's squad because of an affair with a married commander. Knowing that she will surely die, she leads the Nazis away from the wounded Rita and foreman Vaskov.

Husband Rita Osyanina died on the second day of the war. She would have raised her son, but she chose revenge for the death of her beloved. Resolute and courageous, Rita violated the order of the foreman Vaskov, did not leave the position. Badly wounded, she dies from her own bullet.

Yes, war has no woman's face. Woman is the embodiment of life. And it is a pity that Rita's son will grow up without a mother, and the children of the other girls are not destined to be born at all.

War is no place for a woman. But in a rush to protect their country, their fatherland, even representatives of the beautiful half of humanity are ready to fight. Boris Lvovich Vasiliev in the story "The Dawns Here Are Quiet ..." was able to convey the plight of five anti-aircraft gunner girls and their commander during the second war.

The author himself claimed that a real event was chosen as the basis of the plot. Seven soldiers serving on one of the sections of the Kirov railway were able to repulse the Nazi invaders. They fought with a sabotage group and prevented their site from being blown up. Unfortunately, in the end, only the commander of the detachment remained alive. He will later be given the medal "For Military Merit".

This story seemed interesting to the writer, and he decided to put it on paper. However, when Vasiliev began writing the book, he realized that in the post-war period many feats were covered, and such an act is only a special case. Then the author decided to change the gender of his characters, and the story began to play with new colors. After all, not everyone decided to cover the women's share in the war.

The meaning of the name

The title of the story conveys the effect of surprise that hit the characters. This junction, where the action took place, was really quiet and peaceful place. If in the distance the invaders bombed the Kirov road, then "here" harmony reigned. Those men who were sent to protect him drank too much, because there was nothing to do there: no fights, no Nazis, no tasks. As in the back. That is why the girls were sent there, as if knowing that nothing would happen to them, the site was safe. However, the reader sees that the enemy only lulled his vigilance by planning an attack. After the tragic events described by the author, it remains only to complain bitterly about the failed justification of this terrible accident: "And the dawns here are quiet." The silence in the title also conveys the emotion of mourning – a moment of silence. Nature itself mourns, seeing such abuse of man.

In addition, the title illustrates the peace on earth that the girls sought by giving their young lives. They achieved their goal, but at what cost? Their efforts, their struggle, their cry with the help of the union "a" is opposed by this blood-washed silence.

Genre and direction

The genre of the book is a story. It is very small in volume, read in one breath. The author deliberately took out from the military everyday life, well known to him, all those everyday details that slow down the dynamics of the text. He wanted to leave only emotionally charged fragments that cause a genuine reaction of the reader to what he read.

Direction - realistic military prose. B. Vasiliev tells about the war, using real life material to create a plot.

essence

The main character - Fedot Evgrafych Vaskov, is the foreman of the 171st railway district. It is calm here, and the soldiers who arrived in this area often begin to drink from idleness. The hero writes reports on them, and in the end, anti-aircraft gunners are sent to him.

At first, Vaskov does not understand how to deal with young girls, but when it comes to hostilities, they all become a single team. One of them notices two Germans, the main character understands that they are saboteurs who are going to pass secretly through the forest to important strategic objects.

Fedot quickly gathers a group of five girls. They follow the local path to get ahead of the Germans. However, it turns out that instead of two people in the enemy squad, there are sixteen fighters. Vaskov knows that they cannot cope, and he sends one of the girls for help. Unfortunately, Liza dies, drowning in a swamp and not having time to convey the message.

At this time, trying to deceive the Germans by cunning, the detachment tries to take them as far as possible. They pretend to be lumberjacks, shoot from behind boulders, find a resting place for the Germans. But the forces are not equal, and in the course of an unequal battle, the rest of the girls die.

The hero still manages to capture the remaining soldiers. Many years later, he returns here to bring a marble slab to the grave. In the epilogue, young people, seeing the old man, understand that it turns out that there were battles here too. The story ends with the phrase of one of the young guys: "And the dawns here are quiet, quiet, I just saw it today."

Main characters and their characteristics

1. Fedot Vaskov- the only survivor of the team. He subsequently lost his arm due to a wound. Brave, responsible and reliable person. Considers drunkenness in war unacceptable, zealously defends the need for discipline. Despite the difficult nature of the girls, he takes care of them and is very worried when he realizes that he did not save the fighters. At the end of the work, the reader sees him with his adopted son. Which means that Fedot kept his promise to Rita - he took care of her son, who became an orphan.

Images of girls:

1. Elizabeth Brichkina is a hardworking girl. She was born into a simple family. Her mother is sick and her father is a forester. Before the war, Liza was going to move from the village to the city and study at a technical school. She dies while following orders: she drowns in a swamp, trying to bring soldiers to help her team. Dying in a quagmire, she does not believe to the last that death will not allow her to realize her ambitious dreams.
2. Sofia Gurvich- an ordinary fighter. Former student of Moscow University, excellent student. She studied German and could be a good translator, she was destined for a great future. Sonya grew up among a friendly Jewish family. Dies trying to return a forgotten pouch to the commander. She accidentally meets the Germans, who stab her with two blows to the chest. Although she did not succeed in the war, she stubbornly and patiently fulfilled her duties and accepted death with dignity.
3. Galina Chetvertak- The youngest of the group. She is an orphan and grew up in an orphanage. He goes to war for the sake of "romance", but quickly realizes that this is not a place for the weak. Vaskov takes her with him for educational purposes, but Galya cannot withstand the pressure. She panics and tries to escape from the Germans, but they kill the girl. Despite the cowardice of the heroine, the foreman tells the others that she died in a shootout.
4. Evgenia Komelkova- a young beautiful girl, the daughter of an officer. The Germans capture her village, she manages to hide, but her entire family is shot in front of her eyes. In war, he shows courage and heroism, Zhenya shields his colleagues with himself. First, she is wounded, and then shot at close range, because she took the detachment to herself, wanting to save the others.
5. Margarita Osyanina- junior sergeant and commander of the anti-aircraft gunners squad. Serious and reasonable, was married and has a son. However, her husband dies in the first days of the war, after which Rita began to hate the Germans quietly and ruthlessly. During the battle, she is mortally wounded and shoots herself in the temple. But before dying, he asks Vaskov to take care of his son.

Topics

1. Heroism, sense of duty. Yesterday's schoolgirls, still very young girls, go to war. But they don't do it out of necessity. Each comes of its own accord and, as history has shown, each has put all its strength into resisting the Nazi invaders.
2. woman at war. First of all, in the work of B. Vasiliev, the fact that the girls are not in the rear is important. They fight for the honor of their homeland on an equal footing with men. Each of them is a person, each had plans for life, her own family. But cruel fate takes it all away. From the lips of the protagonist sounds the idea that the war is terrible because, taking the lives of women, it destroys the life of an entire nation.
3. Little man's feat. None of the girls were professional fighters. These were ordinary Soviet people with different characters and fates. But the war unites the heroines, and they are ready to fight together. The contribution to the struggle of each of them was not in vain.
4. Courage and boldness. Some heroines especially stood out from the rest, showing phenomenal courage. For example, Zhenya Komelkova saved her comrades at the cost of her life, turning the persecution of enemies on herself. She was not afraid to take risks, as she was sure of victory. Even after being wounded, the girl was only surprised that this happened to her.
5. Motherland. Vaskov blamed himself for what happened to his wards. He imagined that their sons would rise up and rebuke the men who had failed to protect the women. He did not believe that some kind of White Sea Canal was worth these sacrifices, because hundreds of fighters were already guarding it. But in a conversation with the foreman, Rita stopped his self-flagellation, saying that the patronymic is not the canals and roads that they protected from saboteurs. This is the whole Russian land, which required protection here and now. This is how the author represents the homeland.

Problems

The problematics of the story covers typical problems from military prose: cruelty and humanity, courage and cowardice, historical memory and oblivion. She also conveys a specific innovative problem - the fate of women in war. Consider the most striking aspects with examples.

1. The problem of war. The struggle does not make out who to kill and who to leave alive, it is blind and indifferent, like a destructive element. Therefore, weak and innocent women accidentally die, and the only man survives, also by accident. They accept an unequal battle, and it is quite natural that no one had time to help them. Such are the conditions of wartime: everywhere, even in the quietest place, it is dangerous, destinies break everywhere.
2. Memory problem. In the finale, the foreman comes to the place of the terrible massacre with the heroine's son and meets young people who are surprised that battles took place in this wilderness. Thus, the surviving man perpetuates the memory of the dead women by installing a memorial plate. Now the descendants will remember their feat.
3. The problem of cowardice. Galya Chetvertak was unable to cultivate the necessary courage in herself, and with her unreasonable behavior she complicated the operation. The author does not blame her strictly: the girl was already brought up in the most difficult conditions, she had no one to learn to behave with dignity. Her parents left her, fearing responsibility, and Galya herself was frightened at the decisive moment. Using her example, Vasiliev shows that war is not a place for romantics, because the struggle is always not beautiful, it is monstrous, and not everyone can withstand its oppression.

Meaning

The author wanted to show how Russian women, who have long been famous for their willpower, fought against the occupation. It is not in vain that he talks about each biography separately, because they show what trials the fair sex faced in the rear and on the front line. There was no mercy for anyone, and in these conditions the girls took the blow of the enemy. Each of them went to the sacrifice voluntarily. In this desperate tension of the will of all the forces of the people lies the main idea of ​​Boris Vasiliev. Future and present mothers sacrificed their natural duty - to give birth and raise future generations - in order to save the whole world from the tyranny of Nazism.

Of course, the main idea of ​​the writer is a humanistic message: women have no place in war. Their lives are trampled on by heavy soldier's boots, as if they come across not people, but flowers. But if the enemy encroached on his native land, if he mercilessly destroys everything that is dear to his heart, then even a girl is able to challenge him and win in an unequal struggle.

Conclusion

Each reader, of course, sums up the moral results of the story on his own. But many of those who thoughtfully read the book will agree that it tells about the need to preserve historical memory. We need to remember those unthinkable sacrifices that our ancestors voluntarily and consciously made in the name of peace on Earth. They went into a bloody battle to exterminate not only the invaders, but the very idea of ​​Nazism, a false and unjust theory that made possible many unprecedented crimes against human rights and freedoms. This memory is needed so that the Russian people and their equally brave neighbors realize their place in the world and its modern history.

All countries, all peoples, women and men, old people and children were able to unite for a common goal: the return of a peaceful sky overhead. This means that today we “can repeat” this association with the same great message of goodness and justice.

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The protagonist, foreman, commandant of the patrol. Vaskov is distinguished by a "muzhik's mind" and "firm reticence." He is 32 years old, but he feels much older, as he became the breadwinner of the family at the age of fourteen. Vaskov has four grades of education.

One of the main characters, a participant in the war, who served at the 171st junction. She was an orphan from an orphanage, who on the very first day of the war was sent as part of a group to the military commissar. She dreamed of participating in the war, but since she was not suitable, neither in height nor in age, they did not want to take her. In the end, she was assigned to the anti-aircraft gunners.

One of the main characters, an anti-aircraft gunner who fell into the squad of Fedot Vaskov. Zhenya was a beautiful, slender, red-haired girl, whose beauty was admired by everyone around her. The village where she grew up was captured by the Germans.

One of the main characters of the story, a brave anti-aircraft gunner who served in Vaskov's detachment. Liza grew up in the family of a forester from the Bryansk region. All her life she cared for her seriously ill mother, which is why she could not even finish school.

One of the main characters, the eldest in the platoon. Rita is a serious and reserved person. She almost never laughs or shows emotion. He treats other girls in the squad strictly and always keeps to himself.

One of the main characters, an anti-aircraft gunner from the detachment of foreman Fedot Vaskov. Sonya is a shy girl from Minsk, who studied at Moscow University as a translator, and with the outbreak of war ended up in a school for anti-aircraft gunners.

­ Kiryanova

A minor character, a platoon commander sergeant, the eldest of the anti-aircraft gunners.

­ Major

A secondary character, the direct commander of Sergeant Vaskov, it was he who provided the anti-aircraft gunners to his platoon.

­ Owner Maria Nikiforovna

The story "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" written by Vasiliev Boris Lvovich (years of life - 1924-2013), was first born in 1969. The work, according to the author himself, is based on a real military episode, when, after being wounded, seven soldiers serving on the railway prevented a German sabotage group from blowing it up. After the battle, only one sergeant, the commander of the Soviet fighters, managed to survive. In this article, we will analyze "The Dawns Here Are Quiet", and describe a brief summary of this story.

War is tears and grief, destruction and horror, madness and extermination of all life. She brought trouble to everyone, knocking on every house: wives lost their husbands, mothers - sons, children were forced to be left without fathers. Many people went through it, experienced all these horrors, but they managed to survive and win in the hardest of all wars ever endured by mankind. Let's start the analysis of "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" with a brief description of the events, commenting on them along the way.

Boris Vasiliev served as a young lieutenant at the beginning of the war. In 1941, he went to the front while still a schoolboy, and two years later he was forced to leave the army due to a severe shell shock. Thus, this writer knew the war firsthand. Therefore, his best works are about her, about the fact that a person manages to remain a person only by fulfilling his duty to the end.

In the work "The Dawns Here Are Quiet", the content of which is war, it is felt especially sharply, since it is turned by an unusual facet for us. We are all used to associate men with her, but here the main characters are girls and women. They stood up against the enemy alone in the middle of the Russian land: lakes, swamps. The enemy - hardy, strong, merciless, well-armed, greatly outnumbers them.

Events unfold in May 1942. Depicted is a railway siding and its commander - Fedor Evgrafych Vaskov, a 32-year-old man. Soldiers arrive here, but then they start to walk and drink. Therefore, Vaskov writes reports, and in the end they send him anti-aircraft gunners under the command of Rita Osyanina, a widow (her husband died at the front). Then Zhenya Komelkova arrives, instead of the carrier killed by the Germans. All five girls had their own character.

Five different characters: analysis

"The Dawns Here Are Quiet" is a work that describes interesting female images. Sonya, Galya, Lisa, Zhenya, Rita - five different, but in some ways very similar girls. Rita Osyanina is gentle and strong-willed, distinguished by spiritual beauty. She is the most fearless, courageous, she is a mother. Zhenya Komelkova is white-skinned, red-haired, tall, with childish eyes, always laughing, cheerful, mischievous to the point of adventurism, tired of pain, war and painful and long love for a married and distant person. Sonya Gurvich is an excellent student, a refined poetic nature, as if she had come out of a book of poems by Alexander Blok. she always knew how to wait, she knew that she was destined for life, and it was impossible to escape her. The latter, Galya, always lived more actively in the imaginary world than in the real one, therefore she was very afraid of this merciless terrible phenomenon, which is war. "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" depicts this heroine as a funny, never matured, clumsy, childish orphanage girl. Escape from the orphanage, notes and dreams ... about long dresses, solo parts and universal worship. She wanted to become the new Lyubov Orlova.

The analysis of "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" allows us to say that none of the girls was able to fulfill their desires, because they did not have time to live their lives.

Further developments

The heroes of "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" fought for their Motherland like no one else had ever fought anywhere. They hated the enemy with all their heart. The girls always carried out orders clearly, as young soldiers should. They experienced everything: losses, worries, tears. Right before the eyes of these fighters, their good friends were dying, but the girls held on. They stood to the death to the very end, they did not let anyone through, and there were hundreds and thousands of such patriots. Thanks to them, it was possible to defend the freedom of the motherland.

Death of heroines

These girls had different deaths, just as the life paths followed by the heroes of "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" were different. Rita was wounded by a grenade. She understood that she could not survive, that the wound was fatal, and that she would have to die painfully and for a long time. Therefore, gathering the rest of her strength, she shot herself in the temple. Gali's death was as reckless and painful as she herself - the girl could have hidden and saved her life, but did not. It remains only to speculate what motivated her then. Perhaps just a moment of confusion, perhaps cowardice. Sony's death was cruel. She didn't even know how the dagger blade had pierced her cheerful young heart. Zhenya is a little reckless, desperate. She believed in herself until the very end, even when she led the Germans away from Osyanina, she never doubted for a moment that everything would end well. Therefore, even after the first bullet hit her in the side, she was only surprised. After all, it was so improbable, absurd and stupid to die when you were only nineteen years old. Lisa's death happened unexpectedly. It was a very stupid surprise - the girl was dragged into the swamp. The author writes that until the last moment the heroine believed that "tomorrow will be for her."

Petty Officer Vaskov

Sergeant Major Vaskov, whom we have already mentioned in the summary "The Dawns Here Are Quiet", is left alone in the midst of torment, misfortune, alone with death and three prisoners. But now he has five times more strength. What was in this fighter of the human, the best, but hidden deep in the soul, was suddenly revealed. He felt and experienced both for himself and for his "sister" girls. The foreman laments, he does not understand why this happened, because they need to give birth to children, and not die.

So, according to the plot, all the girls died. What guided them when they went into battle, not sparing their own lives, defending their land? Perhaps just a duty to the Fatherland, his people, perhaps patriotism? Everything was mixed up at that moment.

Sergeant Major Vaskov ultimately blames himself for everything, and not the Nazis he hates. As a tragic requiem, his words that he "put down all five" are perceived.

Conclusion

Reading the work "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" one involuntarily becomes an observer of the everyday life of anti-aircraft gunners at a bombed-out junction in Karelia. This story is based on an episode that is insignificant in the vast scale of the Great Patriotic War, but it is told in such a way that all its horrors stand before your eyes in all their ugly, terrible inconsistency with the essence of man. It is emphasized by the fact that the work is called "The Dawns Here Are Quiet", and by the fact that its heroes are girls who are forced to participate in the war.